Through the use of data perception and digital twin technology, the data of cultural relics and buildings in Shenyang Palace Museum are constructed and optimized. Especially pay attention to the east, middle and west road buildings of Shenyang Palace Museum, and on this basis, recommend suitable data construction strategies, aiming to reduce the manual workload and improve the efficiency of data processing. Through accurate modeling and restoration, the digital twin model provides a powerful tool for the protection of cultural relics. It not only helps researchers and conservation experts to better understand the characteristics and structure of cultural relics and buildings, but also provides a scientific basis for the protection and restoration of cultural relics, and greatly promotes the public's understanding of cultural relics and buildings.