[Purpose] This study aims to explore the core challenges faced by traditional craftsmanship in its contemporary inheritance and innovation, clarify the logic and necessity of modern design intervention, and ultimately propose systematic talent cultivation strategies to facilitate the creative transformation and sustainable development of intangible cultural heritage. [Methods] By conducting an in-depth analysis of the industrial trends and innovation dilemmas of traditional craftsmanship, and comparing the commonalities and differences between modern design and traditional craftsmanship, this study defines design capability as a critical dimension of the contemporary artisan's core competency. [Results] The study reveals significant gaps among artisans in five key areas: design language, market analysis, creative methodology, material techniques, and business thinking. Accordingly, a comprehensive talent cultivation strategy framework comprising "three systems and two platforms" is proposed. [Conclusions] The proposed talent development strategy demonstrates both scientific rigor and universal applicability. Its core value lies in directly addressing the root causes of innovation stagnation and fostering a new generation of inheritors who are deeply rooted in tradition while equipped with modern design thinking to engage with the market through multi-stakeholder collaboration. The findings provide valuable references for cultivating design-oriented inheritors of intangible cultural heritage craftsmanship.